Biogenic synthesis and antimicrobial activity of Silver nanoparticle using exopolysaccharides from Lactic Acid bacteria

Document Type : Reasearch Paper

Authors

• Bukola Christianah Adebayo-Tayo
• Aminat O Popoola

Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

10.22034/ijnd.2017.24377

Abstract

Nanotechnology provides the ability to engineer the properties of materials by controlling their size, and this has driven research toward a multitude of potential uses for nanomaterials. This study aimed at biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using exopolysaccharides (EPS) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and the antimicrobial potential of the biosynthesized SNPs against some pathogenic bacteria. EPS production by the EPS- producing Lactobacillus casei (LPW2E) and Lactobacillus fermentum (LPF6) using submerged fermentation ranged from 256 - 640.9 mg/L. The EPS produced by the two LABs were used for the biosynthesis of SNPs. The SNPs were characterized by colour changes from colourless to yellowish brown and deep brown after 24hrs of incubation. The UV-visible spectrophotometer was further used to characterize the SNPs. The SNPs had strong surface plasmon resonance band at 500nm. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis showed that the SNPs varied in shape and were partially aggregated. The particle size ranged from 0.2–10nm and 0.0–10nm. The FTIR analysis indicated the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, ester, aldehydes among others which may be responsible for the reduction, capping, and stabilization of the SNPs. The SNPs had antibacterial activity against the test pathogens and the zones of inhibition ranged between 12 - 26mm. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that EPS could be used for the production of stable SNPs with antibacterial activity.

Keywords

• exopolysaccharides
• FTIR
• Lactic acid bacteria
• SEM
• Silver nanoparticles

20.1001.1.20088868.2017.8.1.7.4

Main Subjects

• Green Nanotechnology
• Nano Bio Technology
• Nanochemistry
• Nanotechnology

---

References

[1] Ahmad A., Senapati S., Khan M. I., Kumar R., Ramani R., Srinivas V., Sastry M., (2003), Intracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles by a novel alkalotolerant actinomycete, Rhodococcus species. Nanotechnol. 14: 824-828.

[2] Rajawat S., Qureshi M. S., (2012), Comparative study on bactericidal effect of Silver nanoparticles, synthesized using green technology, in combination with antibiotics on Salmonella typhi. J. Biomater. Nanobiotechnol. 3: 480-485.  

[3] Kalimuthu K., Babu S. R., Venkataraman D., Bilal M., Gurunathan S., (2008), Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Bacillus licheniformis. Coll. Surf. B: Biointerf. 65: 150-153.

[4] Gurunathan S., Kalishwaralal K., Vaidyanathan R., Venkataraman D., Pandian S. R., Muniyandi J., Hariharan N., Eom S. H., (2009), Biosynthesis, purification and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Escherichia coli. Coll. Surf. B: Biointerf. 74: 328-335.

[5] Kumar A.  S., Mody K., Jha B., (2007), Bacterial exopolysaccharides, a perception. J. Basic Microbiol. 47: 103-117.

[6] Cerning J., (1995), Production of exopolysaccharides by lactic acid bacteria and dairy propionibacteria.  Lait.  75: 463-472.

[7] Sarwat F., UlQader S. A., Aman A., Ahmed N., (2008), Production and characterization of a unique dextran from an indigenous Leuconostoc mesenteroides cmg 713. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 4: 379-386.

[8] Sharmila K., Thillaimaharani K. A., Durairaj R., Kalaiselvam M., (2014), Production and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from mangrove filamentous fungus, Syncephalastrum sp. Afric. J. Microb. Res. 8: 2155-2161.

[9] Kanmani P., Lim S. T., (2013), Synthesis and structural characterization of silver nanoparticles using bacterial exopolysaccharide and its antimicrobial activity against food and multidrug resistant pathogens. Proc. Biochem. 48: 1099-1106.

[10] Herrera M., Carrion P., Baca P., Liebana J., Castillo A., (2001), In vitro antibacterial activity of glass ionomer cement. Mi­crob. J. 104: 141-148.

[11] Van den Berg D. J. C., Smits A., Pot B., Ledeboer A. M., Kersters K., Verbakel J. M. A., Verrips C. T., (1993), Isolation, Screening and identification of lactic acid bacteria from traditional food fermentation processes and culture collections. J. Food Biotech. 7: 189-205.  

[12] Dubois M., Gilles K. A., Hamilton J. K., Rebers P. A., Smith F., (1956). Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances. Analyt. Chem. 28: 350-356.

[13] Shivashankar M., Premkumari B., Chandan N., (2013), Biosynthesis, partial characterization and antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles from pleurotus species. Int. J. Integ. Sci. Innov. Technol. 2: 13-23.

[14] De Vuyst L., De Vin F., Vaningelmem F., Degeest B., (2001), Recent developments in the biosynthesis and applications of heteropolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. Int. Dairy J. 11: 687-707.

[15] Savadogo A., Ouattara C. A. T., Savadogo P. W., Barro N., Ouattara A. S., Alfred S., Traoré A. S., (2004), Identification of exopolysaccharides-producing lactic acid bacteria from Burkina Faso fermented milk samples. Afric. J. Biotechnol. 3: 189-194.

[16] Mostefaoui A., Hakem A., Yabrir B., Boutaiba S., Badis A., (2014), Screening for exopolysaccharide-producing strains of thermophilic lactic acid bacteria isolated from Algerian raw camel milk. Afric. J. Microb. Res. 8: 2208-2214.  

[17] Garcia-Garbay M., Marshall V. M. E., (1991), Polymer production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 70: 325-328.

[18] Adebayo-Tayo B. C., Onilude A. A., (2008), Screening of lactic acid bacteria strains isolates from some Nigeria fermented foods for EPS production. World Appl. Sci. J. 4: 741-747.

 [19] Hebeish A., Hashem M., Abd El-Hady M. M., Sharaf S., (2013), Development of CMC hydro-gels loaded with silver nano-particles for medical applications. Carbohyd. Polym. 92: 407-413.

 [20] Sastry M., Ahmad A., Khan M. I., Kumar R., (2003), Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles using fungi and actinomycete. Curr. Sci. 85: 162- 170.

[21] Valencia G. A., Vercik L. C, Ferrari R., Vercik A., (2013), Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using water-soluble starch and its antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus. Starch/Stärke. 65: 1-7.

[22] Sadowski Z., Maliszewska I. H., Grochowalska B., Polowczyk I., Koźlecki T., (2008), Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using microorganisms. Mater. Sci.-Poland. 26: 419-424.

[23] Pandey S., Goswami G. K., Nanda K. K., (2012), Green synthesis of biopolymer–silver nanoparticle nanocomposite: An optical sensor for ammonia detection. Int. J. Biol. Macromol.  51: 583-589.

[24] Udayasoorian C., Vinoth Kumar K., JayabalakrishnanR. M., (2011), Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Cassia auriculata.   Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 6: 279-283.

[25] Nanda A., Raghavan C. M., (2014), Antibacterial efficacy of synthesized AgNPs from exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Bacillus subtilis of medico-clinical sinks. Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res. 6: 2914-2919.

[26] Wei X., Luo M., Li W., Yang L., Liang X., Xu L., (2012), Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by solar irradiation of cell-free Bacillus amyloliquefaciens extracts and AgNO₃. Biores. Technol. 103: 273-278.

[27] Yakout S. M., Mostafa A. A., (2015), A novel green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using soluble starch and its antibacterial activity. Int. J. Clinic. Experim. Med. 8: 3538-3544.

[28] Priyadarshini S., Gopinath V., Meera Priyadharsshini N., MubarakAli D., Velusamy P., (2013), Synthesis of anisotropic silver nanoparticles using novel strain, Bacillus flexus and its biomedical application. Collo. Surf. B: Biointer. 102: 232-237.

[29] Gurunathan S., Han, J. W., Kwon D. N., Kim J. H., (2014b), Enhanced antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of silver nanoparticles against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Nanoscal. Res. Let. 9: 373-390.